If you own bank shares, do you "own debt?"

Clearly, if you own bonds, you own debt. Looking at my ETFs, they have some Wells Fargo, Citi, JP Morgan, BOA, Goldman, etc. Is this also "owning debt," or are these guys doing everything but actually holding loans? Just curious because I was reading "The Psychology of Money" and in the last chapter he was writing about who benefited from owning debt during the bailout of the 2008 financial crisis. I have a pretty modest fraction of my allocation in bonds, so I was wondering if that was all the